Background and Aim: Since the discovery of the SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus on December 30, 2019, in China, and the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020, healthcare systems and economies around the world have faced unprecedented challenges. The impact of the crisis on NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASEs and the delivery of related services, which could lead to a second crisis, has been a particular source of concern. We review the world's experience in this area here. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic review of studies related to the effects of COVID-19 pandemic and non-communicable DISEASEs (NCDs) on eachother, and its impact on provision of related healthcare services for NCDs, carried out in 2021 by defining search keywords and database including PubMed / MEDLINE، ISI / Web of Sciences (WOS) and Scopus. Results: 625 articles were found in the first search, that 98 duplicate onees were removed. Following a review of the article titles, 216 studies were removed as well. The abstracts of the articles were then reviewed, and 139 items were removed too. Finally, the study included 81 articles that met the previously mentioned criteria. The studies' findings were divided into seven groups: increased DISEASE severity, decreased referrals to medical centers, decreased care delivery, increased anxiety and depression, decreased diagnosis of DISEASEs, reduced elective surgeries, and strategies used to provide services to patients. Conclusion: A review of country policies and experiences and the loss of thousands of human resources in the field of health during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis showed that country governance systems should prioritize capacity building and updating action plans to deal with similar crises. In the meantime, a resilient national program for the prevention and effective fight against NCDs, as the most important cause of death of citizens that is also preventable, and its uninterrupted implementation during crises of the health system is of fundamental importance.

Background and aims: Non-communicable DISEASEs (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The impact of NCDs on working adults extends beyond ill health and mortality with large financial consequences,however, the distribution of NCD risk factors in working adults is understudied. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the magnitude of NCD risk factors in Bangladeshi working adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011 among 410 working adults aged between 35 to 60 years who were selected purposively and residing in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected on socio-demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle factors. We used mean (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and frequency and percentages for categorical variables. We performed inferential statistics to investigate the determinants of hypertension. Results: The mean age of the participants was 43. 4 ±,6. 9 years, and about one-fourth of the participants (24. 7%) were current smokers. Smokeless tobacco consumption was moderate (16. 5%), and alcoholic beverage intake was rare (3%). The majority of the participants (78%) reported insufficient physical activity. Furthermore, almost all participants had a history of inadequate fruit and vegetable intake (99. 8% and 98. 8%, respectively), and almost half of the participants (48. 0%) were overweight. Moreover, age, occupation, physical activity, and education were significantly different (P < 0. 05) among hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups. Conclusion: The results indicated a high proportion of NCD risk factors among working adults living in the capital city of Bangladesh. We believe that the findings of this study will bolster existing and future efforts to prevent NCDs in the working adult population.

Introduction. This fascinating disorder is also known as Sinus Histiocytosis. It is very rare, probably less than 1000 cases reported in the literature. R.D.D affects lymph nodes, although extranodal involvement has been reported such as: Centaral nervous system (CN.S). All of the cases of R.D.D with CN.S involvement without other sites involvement are 11 cases. Methods. The case is a male patient, 26y/o, with a history of head trauma 2 years ago that has been resulted to unconsciousness. He has been referred to a hospital and brain CT scan and brain M.R.I has been done for him. In M.R.I a brain tumor with left orbit and sphenoidal sinus involvement and compression effect on frontal lobe has been seen. A neurosurgeon operated him and the pathological report was Rosai-Dorfman DISEASE. Then he was referred to radiation therapy department.Results. Treatment approach in CN.S involvement cases consists of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Discussion. Over all, response has been inferior to those expected with malignant hematopoietic neoplasms.

COVID‑, 19 pandemic, with its subsequent lockdown and mobility restriction is a public health emergency that has obliged substantial modifications in daily routines and lifestyle of people worldwide. The drastic measures of social isolation and home confinement has impacted to a great extent the physical and psychological health. The resultant abrupt in lifestyle‑, related behavior such as physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary habit, sleep disturbance, stress, tobacco use, and alcohol intake, is directly linked to the rising global burden of non‑, communicable DISEASE. This review aims at gaining a rich and extensive understanding of the potential negative impact triggered by COVID‑, 19 on lifestyle‑, related behaviors that will influence long‑, term physical and mental wellbeing. Electronic database search was conducted on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Scopus from January 1, 2020 to March 15, 2021. Data related to COVID‑, 19 impact on lifestyle habits were extracted from these studies. Articles were included if meeting the inclusion criteria (i. e., assessed the impact of COVID‑, 19 on physical inactivity and sedentary behavior, dietary habits, sleep, mental health, vitamin D, and substance use among adults. Further search was conducted to address these behavioral changes among athletes. While physical isolation is a necessary public health measure to protect the population, outcomes of this review indicate that in light of adverse lifestyle changes brought by the pandemic, NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE remains a critical concern. Hence, adopting healthy lifestyle behavior is essentially important especially during the current time to boost immunity and reduce the risk of COVID‑, 19 infection. Recognizing the pandemic collateral effects offers a forward‑, looking perspective to guide the government and health authorities in planning prevention and control programs that focus on resilient and sustainable behavioral change.